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' 2 Sheets-8heet L T. J. SLOAN. Making Screws.

Patented Oct. 21,185].

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'2' ShQets-Sheet 2 T. J. SLOAN Making Screws.

Patented Oct. 21, 1851.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS J. SLOAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SHAVlNG, NICKING, AND'RESHAVING WOOD-SCREWS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 8,456, dated October 21, 1851.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS J. SLOAN, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Machine for Shaving, Nicking, and Reshaving the Heads of Wood-Screws; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of their nature and construction, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a plan; Fig. 2, a front elevation; Fig. 3, an end elevation; Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7, cross vertical sections, taken at the linesA a, B b, C c, and D (Z of Fig. 1, and looking in the direction of the arrows; and Fig. 8, a developed view of cam g.

The same letters and figures of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

Heretofore in the operation of finishing the heads of wood-screws by first shaving, then nicking, and then reshaving to remove the burrs formed in the nicking operation the screw-blanks had to be reinserted in thejaws of the shaving-machine. In practice this has been found to be attended with a serious difficulty. It is not practical to reinsert the blank in the jaws to be gripped precisely as it was during the first operation, and therefore the blank will not be properly presented to the action of the shaving-cutter, and as the operation of the cutter in this last operation is simply to remove the burrs it will be seen that the slightest variation in the position of the blank in the jaws will prevent the cutter from acting equally on the entire surface of the head.

The object of my invention is to avoid the difficulty above pointed out and at the same time to save the trouble and aportion of the time heretofore occupied in retransferring the blanks from the jaws of the shaving-machine to the nicking-machine and back again to the shaving-machine; and to this end the nature of my invention consists in holding the blanks in the same jaws during the three operations of first shaving, then nicking, and then reshaving to remove the burrs, the spin die that carries the blank being shifted from the shaving-tool to the nicker and back again to the shaving-tool to remove the burrs; and

for this purpose I employ two mandrels connected on opposite sides to a shaft, the shaving apparatus and the nicking apparatus being arranged on opposite sides of the shaft, so. that by the vibration of the shaft the blank, after receiving the first shaving operation, is shifted to present this blank to the nicking operation, while the other mandrel is brought into line, that a new blank may be inserted to receive the first shaving operation, and when this is effected and the nick completed on the first the shaft is again vibrated to bring back the first blank to the shaving-tool to have the burrs removed and to carry the second blank to the nicking apparatus, and while the nicking is being per formed on the second the first has the burrs removed and is discharged and a third blank inserted in the jaws and subjected to the first shaving operation, the operations of the first and second shaving being performed during the nicking operation.

In the accompanying drawings, a represents the frame, and b a shaft mounted in appropriate boxes 0 c. On this shaft there are two sets of arms at d on opposite sides, each set carrying a mandrel e, and each mandrel to be provided with gripping-j awssuch as are usually employed in machines for shaving the heads of screw-blanks, but which it is not necessary to describe and represent, as they are well known to persons acquainted with machinery for making wood screws. The shaft 19 carries on its rear end a pinion f, the cogs of which engage a rack g,that slides in a part 72. of the frame. This rack is drawn down by a spring 6, and its lower end rests on the periphery of a cam j on the cam-shaft 713. The form of this cam is such that from the point 1 to 2 it is concentric to keep the rack in its lowest position, that the two mandrels may be in the same horizontal plane. From 2 to 3 it gradually runs out to force up the rack to turn the shaft, so as to reverse the position of the mandrels, and from 3 to 4 the cam is concentric to retain the rack and shaft in this position, and from 4 to 1 the cam runs in toward the shaft to reshift the mandrels.

The cam-shaft receives motion from the driving-shaft Z by a pinion and cog-wheel m m, and on the driving-shaft there is a band wheel 01, that drives the mandrels e e one after the otherthat is to say, it drives the mandrel that is in line for presenting the blank to be shaved. To accomplish this, a band 0 passes from the band-wheel at around a pulley p on the mandrel that is in position to shave the head of a blank. Thence the band passes around a tightening-pulley q and back to the wheel n. In this way it will be seen that although the pulleys on the two mandrels are within the course of the band the one that is in the position to present a blank to be shaved will be rotated, while the -other, which is in a position to present the blank to be nicked,will not be acted upon by the band, but will remain stationary for the time being.

On the shaving side a blank is inserted and gripped in the jaws in the usual way, and then a rest 1' on a rock shaft 8 is forced up against the shank of the blank by a cam 15, (on the cam-shaft,) that acts on the arm u of the rocker, and as the rest supports the blank the cutter or shaver 'U, of the usual form, on the cutter-stock 10, mounted on a rocker w, is carried up to the head of the blank by the action of a cam y, that acts on an arm 2 of the rocker as. S0 soon as the head has been properly shaved the cutter and rest are drawn back by the tension of springs a and b, the cams being properly formed to permit this, and so soon as this has taken place the cam j acts on and forces up the rack to shift the mandrels by which the blank which has been shaved is presented on the other side to a nicking-saw c on an appropriate arbor mounted in the upper end of a lever d, that turns on a fulcrum at e,the lower arm of the said lever being provided with a wrist pin f, which is kept in contact with the face of a cam 9' (represented as developed at Fig. 8) by the tension of a spring h. The form of the cam is such as to carry the nickingsaw toward the head of the blank to cut the nick and then back when the nick is completed. The arbor of the saw is provided with a pulley i, by which it is driven by some first mover.

During the operation of the nicking-saw the shank of the blank is held firmly by a permanent rest j on one side and a movable rest 70 on the other. This movable rest is on a rocker 1, provided with an arm m, acted upon by a cam n on the cam-shaft. While the nicking operation on this blank is going on a blank previously nicked is presented to the action of the shaver, and the rest and shaving-cutter are again carried up to remove the burrs. The rest and cutter then move back, the blank is discharged, and a fresh blank put in to receive the first shaving operation, and when this is completed the mandrels are reversed, the nicked blank presented to the cutter for the second shaving operation, and the one that has received the first shaving operation is presented to be nicked. -It will be seen that the cams that give the motions to the rest and the shavingcutter for the shaving operations are made to act on the parts to be operated twice to once of the cams which operate the movable rest and nicking-saw for the nicking operation, for the reason that the two shaving operations are performedthat is, the last shaving on one blank and the first shaving on another while a blank is being nicked.

During the nicking operation it is important that the under surface of the head of the blank be pressed or held firmly against the rests to prevent the jar occasioned by the action of the saw from straining the grip of the jaws on the blank; but it is difficult so to mount the mandrels in their boxes that during the operations of the machine the mandrels will always bear the same relations to the rests; and in the shaving operations it is of the utmost importance that the mandrels bear at all times the same relations to the cutter. To meet these contingencies, I make the mandrels with a slight end play in their boxes, so that when the saw is brought against the head of a blank the mandrel shall yield endwise until the bevel of the head of the blank is brought up against the rests and there held by them; and for the shaving operation the rear end of the mandrels, as each in succession is brought into line, pass by a permanent resto, beveled from the top and bottom, so as to insure the proper position of the mandrels relatively to the cutter, and for the purpose of more accurate adjustment I insert a set-screw p in the rear end of each mandrel, the head of which acts against the rest 0.

- Having thus described the principle or character of my invention and the manner of constructing and using the same,I wish-it to be distinctly understood that I do not limit myself to the precise construction and arrangement of the parts, as these may be variously modified without affecting the principle or mode of operation which Ihave invented and claim to be new.

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. So combining the shifting-mandrel that carries the blanks with a shaving and nicking apparatus, substantially as described, that the blank aft-er being, shaved to give the required form to the head and while held in the same mandrel maybe shifted to the nicking apparatus and after being nicked reshifted back to the same shaving apparatus to have the burrs removed by the same cutter that performed the first shaving operation, as herein set forth.

2. The employment of two shifting-mandrels, substantially as specified, in combination with the shaving and the nicking apparatus, substantially as herein described, so that the nicking operation can be perform ed on one blank while the first and second shaving operations are being performed on other blank relatively to the cutter is obtained for blanks, as specified. the second shaving operation which it had 3. Giving to the mandrel or mandrels end for the first, as described.

play in their boxesfln combination with the THOS. J. SLOAN.

permanent rest at the back of the mandrel Witnesses:

and with the cutter, substantially as specified, DANIEL BoWLY,

by means of which the same position of the HENRY ISAACS. 

